A REVIEW ON THE USE OF ALGAE AS A BIOFUEL SOURCE

Abstract

In recent years, algae have emerged as a promising source of biofuels, contributing to the diversification of
renewable energy options. Algal biofuels, encompassing biodiesel, bioethanol, biogas, biohydrogen, bio-oil, and
syngas, offer significant advantages due to their high productivity, minimal land requirements, and adaptability
to various environments. These biofuels not only reduce dependency on fossil fuels but also address
environmental concerns by minimizing greenhouse gas emissions and integrating waste streams for enhanced
sustainability. Algae-based systems excel in efficient nutrient utilization, making them more resource-efficient
compared to traditional biofuel sources. Despite these benefits, challenges such as high production costs,
scalability, and resource-intensive processes persist, limiting their widespread adoption. Future research
should focus on improving economic feasibility, advancing scalable technologies, and fostering integration with
other renewable energy systems to fully realize the potential of algae in promoting a sustainable and circular
energy economy. By addressing these challenges, algae-based biofuels have the capacity to revolutionize the
renewable energy landscape, supporting global efforts toward energy security and environmental conservation.