Urbanization Trends and Their Socioeconomic Impacts in Malda District, West Bengal

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of research examining urbanization
patterns and their socioeconomic implications in Malda District, West Bengal. Located at a
strategic junction in eastern India, Malda has experienced significant urban transformation over
recent decades, influenced by its historical importance as a trading center, agricultural
transitions, and migration dynamics. Through systematic review of existing literature and
empirical studies, we analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of urban growth, demographic
shifts, and land-use changes across the district. Our findings reveal uneven development
trajectories between Malda's municipal areas and emerging urban centers, with notable
socioeconomic consequences including changes in livelihood patterns, growing economic
disparities, infrastructure challenges, and evolving social structures. The analysis highlights
how Malda's unique geographical position, historical silk and mango industries, and crossborder
influences have shaped its distinctive urbanization process. This review identifies
critical gaps in existing research, particularly regarding urban governance, environmental
sustainability, and the informal economy, while offering directions for future research to inform
more inclusive and sustainable urban development policies for Malda District.